- Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal — Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) Features & Types
- Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) — Mechanical & Physical Properties
- Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) — 0.2% Proof (Yield) Strength
- Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) — Both Ends Supported Uniform Load Simulation & Calculation
- Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) — Comparison at Uniform Temperature: Single Layer vs Three Layer Composite
- Multi Layer Metal Composites — Feasibility of Welding & Joining
- Multi Layer Metal Composites — Physical Properties at 20 °C
- Multi Layer Metal Composites — Material Comparison Table
- Multi Layer Metal Composites — Optimal Battery Connector Sheet — Weldable
- Multi Layer Metal Composites — Electrical Conductivity & Resistivity Comparison
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal — Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) Features & Types
Features of Clad Steel Plate
Clad Steel Plate（SUS/AL）
After cladding two dissimilar metals, the material simultaneously utilizes the properties of both — a high performance material.
For example, after cladding SUS and AL, the features are as follows:
① Specific gravity: about 1/2 that of Stainless Steel② Thermal conductivity: about 10× that of Stainless Steel
③ Strength: about 2× that of aluminum
Types of Clad Steel Plate (CLAD)
Layers |
Combination |
Approximate Composition |
|---|---|---|
2 Layers |
SUS304L/A1100 |
SUS304L ：18Cr-10Ni-LowC
：16Cr-Cu-LowC |
NAR160/A1100 |
||
3 Layers |
NAR160/A1100/SUS304L |
|
SUS304/SPCE/SUS304 |
Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) — Mechanical & Physical Properties
Steel Grade |
Specification |
0.2% Proof (Yield) Strength |
Tensile Strength |
Elongation |
Hardness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clad Plate |
SUS304/A1100 |
− |
− |
− |
− |
NAR160/A1100 |
216 |
240 |
20 |
− |
|
NAR160/A1100/SUS304 |
294 | 334 |
34 |
− |
|
SUS304/SPCE/SUS304 |
− |
424 | 39 |
− |
|
Aluminium |
A5182 H3 |
310 |
400 |
12 |
− |
A6061-T6 |
80 Wm-1K-1 |
240 | 9 | − |
Steel Grade |
Specification |
Density |
Young’s Modulus |
Specific Heat (Average) |
Thermal Conductivity |
Resistivity |
Permeability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clad Plate |
SUS304/A1100 |
4.1 |
− |
811 |
168 |
− |
− |
NAR160/A1100 |
4.01 |
− |
800 |
171 |
− |
− |
|
NAR160/A1100/SUS304 |
5.12 |
− |
710 |
127 |
− |
− |
|
SUS304/SPCE/SUS304 |
7.8 |
− |
− |
67 |
− |
− |
|
Aluminium |
A5182 H3 |
2.7 |
70 |
880 |
195 |
0.27 | − |
A6061-T6 |
2.7 |
70 |
800 |
215 |
0.27 | − |
Magnetic Permeability: 1.0 (Non magnetic) |
Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) — 0.2% Proof (Yield) Strength
Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) — Both Ends Supported Uniform Load Simulation & Calculation
Clad Steel Plate (CLAD) — Comparison at Uniform Temperature: Single Layer vs Three Layer Composite
Multi Layer Metal Composites — Feasibility of Welding & Joining
Preface
Nickel is commonly used for connectors in lithium ion batteries and features electrical conductivity, solderability, strength, formability, weldability, and corrosion resistance.
However, as the number of 18650 cells in battery modules increases, heating of nickel (especially on busbars) lowers battery efficiency; insufficient thermal conductivity may also lead to adverse effects. The causes are summarized as follows.
(1) High current raises busbar temperature, damaging battery performance and lifespan.
(2) High impedance connectors cause significant voltage drop in the battery.
(3) Insufficient thermal conductivity and poor heat dissipation may form hot spots.
Therefore, developing multi layer metal composites for battery connectors—with high electrical conductivity and heat conduction/dissipation—can effectively solve these problems.
Feasibility of Welding & Joining
◆ Multi layer metal composites are an ideal connection solution for cylindrical lithium ion batteries.
◆ Multi layer metal composites are easy to weld — resistance or laser welding.
◆ We can help customers design battery connectors to achieve optimal welding.
◆ As connector materials, multi layer composites allow easy welding using anti shunt grooves, raised (embossed) welding, and step welding (individually or together).
◆ High tensile strength is obtained for welds at different thicknesses.
◆ For welding multi layer composites, Sn/Cu solders can be used for good solderability.
Selection Thickness Specification |
Multi Layer Metal Composites |
||
|---|---|---|---|
Type 40 |
Type 60 |
Type 80 |
|
0.15 mm |
V |
V |
--- |
0.20 mm |
V |
V |
--- |
0.25 mm |
V |
V |
--- |
0.30 mm |
V |
V |
V |
0.40 mm |
--- |
V |
V |
0.50 mm |
--- |
V |
V |
Multi Layer Metal Composites — Physical Properties at 20 °C
|
Composite Metal Type 40 Annealed |
Composite Metal Type 60 Annealed |
Composite Metal Type 80 Annealed |
201 Nickel Annealed |
Nickel Plated Stainless Steel AISI 1020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density(Kg/m3) |
8,415 |
8,580 |
8,666 |
8,900 |
7,870 |
Yield Strength (MPa) |
205 |
138 |
93 |
103 |
350 |
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
475 |
368 | 282 |
414 |
420 |
Elongation (%) |
45 |
48 |
43 | 45 |
15 |
| Erichsen Cupping Test (mm) | 11.2 | 11.9 | N/A | 12.1 | N/A |
Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) |
165 | 148 | 131 | 207 | 186 |
CTE(µm/m˚C) |
16.6 | 16.7 | 17.1 | 13.3 | 11.7 |
Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) |
178 | 253 | 317 | 79 | 52 |
Specific Heat (J/kg·°C) |
447 | 423 | 413 | 456 | 486 |
Thickness (mm) |
0.15 - 0.30 | 0.20 - 0.50 | 0.50 | N/A | N/A |
Multi Layer Metal Composites — Material Comparison Table
|
Solderability (Sn) |
Spot Welding |
Electrical Conductivity (IACS) |
Corrosion Resistance |
Heat Dissipation |
Workability |
Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Multi Layer Metal Composites |
Very Good |
Very Good |
40 - 80% |
Very Good |
High |
Very Good |
Lower |
Nickel |
Very Good |
Very Good |
18 - 22% |
Very Good |
Low |
Good |
High |
Copper Alloys |
Good |
Average |
100% |
Average |
High |
Very Good |
Lower |
Aluminum Alloys |
Poor |
Poor |
60% |
Poor |
High |
Average |
Low |
Copper Alloy (FAS 680) |
Very Good |
Average |
40% |
Poor |
Medium |
Average |
Lower |
Nickel Plated Steel |
Very Good |
Very Good |
11 - 15% |
Poor |
Low |
Very Good |
Low |
Phosphor Bronze |
Very Good |
Average |
11 - 20% |
Average |
Low |
Average |
Lower |
Multi Layer Metal Composites — Optimal Battery Connector Sheet — Weldable
Material Attributes
◆ Electrical conductivity: 40% / 60% / 80%
◆ Surface: semi gloss matte finish
◆ Temper: annealed (other specific tempers available on request)
◆ Thickness: 0.15–0.50 mm
◆ Width: 25.40–600 mm
Advantages
◆ High electrical and thermal conductivity lowers battery pack operating temperature.
◆ Easy welding by resistance or laser.
◆ The Stainless Steel layer provides higher weld strength and fatigue resistance.
◆ High conductivity enables thinner, lighter, lower cost battery connectors.
◆ Nickel surface layer for soldering and added corrosion resistance.
Multi Layer Metal Composites — Electrical Conductivity & Resistivity Comparison
|
Composite Metal Type 40 Annealed |
Composite Metal Type 60 Annealed |
Composite Metal Type 80 Annealed |
201 Nickel Annealed |
Nickel Plated Stainless Steel AISI 1020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Electrical Conductivity (% IACS) |
40% |
60% |
80% |
20% |
11% |
Resistivity (Ω·m) |
4.310 x 10-8 |
2.874 x 10-8 |
2.115 x 10-8 |
8.621 x 10-8 |
1.567 x 10-8 |
